Propheten sind nicht durch eigne Anstrengungen zu Propheten
geworden sondern wurden von Allah, ihrem Schöpfer, dazu vorbestimmt
(Qadtaa).
Adam,
Ibrahim, Musa, 'Isa (Jesus), und
alle anderen Gesandte Allahs (der Friede
und Segen Allahs sei auf ihnen allen) verkündeten den die Ergebenheit in den
Willen ihres Schöpfers (der Einzige Gott) im Kontext unterschiedlicher
Gebiete, Zeiten und Kulturen (Interfaces). Adam (Friede mit ihm) war der
erste und
Muhhammad
(der Friede und Segen Allahs sei auf ihm) war der letzte
Gesandte in einer langen Reihe und er verkündete die
Offenbarung,
welche heute als
Qur'aan erhalten ist und erklärte
auch, wie der Qur'aan
zu verstehen bzw. zu leben ist (Sunnah).
Diejenigen unter den Ambiaa' (Propheten), welche
neu Offenbarungen erhalten hatten, die werden
Rasuul
(Großgesandte) genannt. Abgesehen von en im Qur'aan erwähnten Propheten, gibt es
insgesamt 120.000, doch sind deren Namen nicht bekannt.
Propheten
and Gesandte, die im Qur'aaan genannt sind.
Alle Gesandten, die im
Qur'aan genannt sind, sind auch Propheten, aber nicht alle Propheten
sind Gesandte.
Wikipedia:
1 |
Adam |
آدَم
(ʾĀdam) |
Adam |
✓ [67] |
✓ [67] |
― |
― |
― |
Birth of humanity |
Earth[68] |
First Prophet and
father of all the human beings |
2 |
Idriis |
إِدْرِيس
(ʾIdrīs) |
Enoch? |
✓ [69] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Never stated, later
traditions claim Babylon |
show
"Raised...
to an exalted place".
|
3 |
Nuhh |
نُوح
(Nūḥ) |
Noah |
✓ [73] |
✓ [74] |
✓ [75] |
✓ [76] |
― |
Great Flood |
People of Noah[77] |
Survivor of the Great
Flood |
4 |
Huud |
هُود
(Hūd) |
|
✓ [78] |
✓ [78] |
― |
― |
― |
c. 2400 BC[79] |
ʿĀd tribe[80] |
Merchant |
5 |
Salihh |
صَالِح
(Ṣāliḥ) |
|
✓ [81] |
✓ [81] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Thamud tribe[82] |
Camel breeder |
6 |
Ibrahiim |
إِبْرَاهِيم
(ʾIbrāhīm) |
Abraham |
✓ [83] |
✓ [84] |
✓ [85] |
✓ [76] |
Scrolls of Abraham[53] |
Migration of the
Jews to Iraq[citation
needed] |
People of
Iraq and Syria[86] |
Builder of the Kaaba |
7 |
Lutd |
لُوط
(Lūṭ) |
Lot |
✓ [87] |
✓ [88] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
"People of
Lot"[89]
(Sodom
and Gomorrah) |
Did not live in Palestine,
but was considered "brethren" by its inhabitants. |
8 |
Isma'iil |
إِسْمَاعِيل
(ʾIsmāʿīl) |
Ishmael |
✓ [90] |
✓ [90] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Pre-Islamic Arabia
(Mecca) |
Founder of the Arabian
people |
9 |
Ischaaq |
إِسْحَاق
(ʾIsḥāq) |
Isaac |
✓ [91] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Canaan |
Founders of the Israelite
people |
10 |
Y'aquub |
يَعْقُوب
(Yaʿqūb) |
Jacob |
✓ [91] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Twelve Tribes
of Israel |
11 |
Yuusuf |
يُوسُف
(Yūsuf) |
Joseph |
✓ [92] |
✓ [93] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Egypt |
Possessed a gift for
prophecy. |
12 |
Ayyuub |
أَيُّوب
(ʾAyyūb) |
Job |
✓ [92] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Edom |
Known for his
patience.[94] |
13 |
Schuʿayb |
شُعَيْب
(Shuʿayb) |
|
✓ [95] |
✓ [95] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Midian[96] |
Shepherd |
14 |
Muusaa |
مُوسَىٰ
(Mūsā) |
Moses |
✓ [97] |
✓ [97] |
✓ [75] |
✓ [76] |
Tawrah (Torah); Scrolls
of Moses[45] |
c. 1400s BCE – c. 1300s
BCE, or c. 1300s
BCE – c. 1200s BCE |
Pharaoh and his establishment[98] |
Challenged the Pharaoh;
lead the
migration back to Israel |
15 |
Haaruun |
هَارُون
(Hārūn) |
Aaron |
✓ [99] |
✓ [97] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Pharaoh and his establishment |
Vizier, brother of
Moses |
16 |
Dauud |
دَاوُۥد \ دَاوُود
(Dāūd) |
David |
✓ [73] |
✓[73] |
― |
― |
Zabur[100]
(Psalms) |
c. 1000s BCE – c. 971
BCE |
Jerusalem |
Military commander,
2nd king
of Israel |
17 |
Sulaymaan |
سُلَيْمَان
(Sulaymān) |
Solomon |
✓ [73] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
c. 971 BCE – c. 931
BCE |
Jerusalem |
Copperworker, 3rd and
last king of the United
Monarchy; built the First
Temple; Son of Dawud |
18 |
Ilyaas |
إِلْيَاس
(ʾIlyās) |
Elijah |
✓ [73] |
✓ [101] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
"People of
Ilyas"[102]
(Children
of Israel) |
Silk weaver |
19 |
Alyas'a |
ٱلْيَسَع
(Alyasaʿ) |
Elisha |
✓ [73] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Children
of Israel |
― |
20 |
Yuunus |
يُونُس
(Yūnus) |
Jonah |
✓ [73] |
✓ [103] |
― |
― |
― |
? |
"People of
Yunus"[104]
(Nineveh) |
Swallowed by
a giant
fish |
21 |
Dhuu-l-Kifl |
ذُو ٱلْكِفْل
(Ḏū
l-Kifli) |
|
✓ [110] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Unknown, due in part
to uncertain identity |
Identity still
unknown. |
22 |
Zakariiya |
زَكَرِيَّا
(Zakariyyā) |
Zechariah |
✓ [73] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Jerusalem |
Father of Yahya; was
assassinated |
23 |
Yahya |
يَحْيَىٰ
(Yaḥyā) |
John the Baptist |
✓ [111] |
― |
― |
― |
― |
? |
Jerusalem |
Was assassinated |
24 |
'Isaa |
عِيسَىٰ
(ʿĪsā) |
Jesus |
✓ [112] |
✓ [113] |
✓ [76] |
✓ [75] |
Injil[114]
(Gospel) |
c. 4 BCE – c. 30
CE |
Children of
Israel[115] |
The Messiah |
25 |
Muhhammad |
مُحَمَّد
(Muḥammad) |
|
✓ [116][117] |
✓ [118] |
✓ [85] |
✓ [76] |
Quran[119] |
571 – 632 |
All humanity
and jinn[120] |
Shepherd, merchant,
founder of Islam; Seal
of the Prophets |
Figures
whose prophethood is debated [edit]
Figures whose prophethood
is debated
Shayth[121] |
شَيْث
(Šayṯ) |
Seth |
Mankind[122] |
He is not mentioned
in the Quran, but he is mentioned in Hadith, and is revered within
Islamic tradition. |
Kaleb |
كالب
(Kaleb) |
Caleb |
Israel |
In the Quran, Caleb
is mentioned in the 5th surah of
the Quran (Q5:20-26). |
Yusha bin Nun |
يُوشَع
(Yūšaʿ') |
Joshua |
Israel[123][124] |
Yusha (Joshua) is not
mentioned by name in the Quran,
but his name appears in other Islamic literature and in multiple
Hadith. In the Quranic account of the conquest of Canaan, Joshua and
Caleb are referenced, but not named, as two men, on whom God "had
bestowed His grace". Yusha is regarded by most scholars as to the
prophetic successor to Musa (Moses).
Joshua is the assistant of Moses when he visits al Khidr, and
according to the Torah and the Bible, he was one of the two tribe
messengers, along with Caleb that brought news that Jerusalem was
habitable for the Jews. Joshua is also Moses' successor as the
leader of the Jews, who led them to settle in Israel after Moses'
death. Joshua (Yusha) entering into Jerusalem is also mentioned in
the Hadith. |
Khidr |
ٱلْخَضِر
(al-Khaḍir) |
Unknown |
The seas,[126] the
oppressed peoples,[126] Israel, [Quran 18:65-82] Mecca,[127] and
all lands where a prophet exists[128] |
The Quran also
mentions the mysterious Khidr (but does not name him), identified at
times with Melchizedek,
who is the figure that Moses accompanies on one journey. Although
most Muslims regard him as an angel or
enigmatic saint,[129] some
see him as a prophet as well.[130] |
Luqman |
لُقْمَان
(Luqmān) |
- |
|
The Quran mentions
the sage Luqman
in the
chapter named after him, but does not clearly identify him as a
prophet. The most widespread Islamic belief[133] views
Luqman as a saint,
but not as a messenger, however, other Muslims regard Luqman as a
messenger as well.[134] The
Arabic term wali is
commonly translated into English as "Saint". This should not be
confused with the Christian tradition of sainthood. |
Samuil |
صَمُوئِيل
(Ṣamūʾīl) |
Samuel |
|
Not mentioned by name,
only referred to as a messenger/prophet sent to the Israelites and
who anoints Saul as a king.[123][124] |
Talut |
طَالُوت
(Ṭālūt) |
Saul[135] or Gideon |
|
Some Muslims refer to
Saul as Talut, and believe that he was the commander of Israel.
Other scholars, however, have identified Talut as Gideon.
According to the Qur'an,
Talut was chosen by Samuel to
lead them into war. Talut led the Israelites to victory over the
army of Goliath,
who was killed by Dawud (David).
According some, Saul is not considered a prophet, but a divinely
appointed king.[137] |
Irmīyyah[138] |
إِرْمِيَا
(ʾ'Irmiyā) |
Jeremiah |
Israel[139] |
He does not appear in
the Quran or any canonical hadith, but his narrative is fleshed out
in Muslim literature and exegesis, moreover some non-canonical
hadith and tafsirs narrate that the Parable
of the Hamlet in Ruins is about Irmiya.[140] |
Hizqil |
حِزْقِيل
(Ḥizqīl) |
Ezekiel |
Babylon |
He is often
identified as being the same figure as Dhul-Kifl,[141] Although
not mentioned in the Qur'an by
the name, Muslim scholars,
both classical[142] and
modern[143] have
included Ezekiel in lists of the prophets
of Islam. |
Daniyal[144] |
دَانِيَال
(Dāniyāl) |
Daniel |
Babylon[145] |
Usually considered by
Muslims to be a prophet, but he is not mentioned in the Qur'an, nor
in Sunni Muslim hadith, but he is a prophet according to Shia Muslim
hadith.[146][147] |
Dhu al-Qarnayn |
ذُو ٱلْقَرْنَيْن
(Ḏū l-Qarnayn) |
Unknown |
The people he met on
his travels[155] |
He appears in the
Quran 18:83-101 as
one who travels to east and west and erects a barrier between
mankind and Gog
and Magog (called Ya'juj and Ma'juj). |
Uzair |
عُزَيْر
(ʿUzayr) |
Ezra |
Israel |
He is mentioned in
the Quran,[157] but
he is not specified to have been a prophet, although many Islamic
scholars hold Uzair to be one of the prophets.[158][159] |
Imran |
عِمْرَان
(ʿImrān) |
Joachim |
Israel |
The Family
of Imran (Arabic: آل
عمران) is the 3rd chapter of the Quran. Imran, not to be
confused with Amram,[160] is Arabic for
the biblical figure Joachim,
the father of Mary and
maternal grandfather of Jesus. |
Maryam |
مَرْيَم
(Maryam) |
Mary |
Israel |
Some scholars[161][162] regard
Maryam (Mary) as a messenger and a prophetess, since God sent her a
message through an angel and because she was a vessel for divine
miracles. Islamic belief regards her as one of the holiest of women,
but the matter of her prophethood continues to be debated.[163] |
To believe in God's messengers (Rusul) means to be convinced that God sent
men as guides to fellow human beings and jinn (khalq)
to guide them to the truth. |